| Semester: | 2024-1 |
| Responsable: | Prof. Philippe W. Courteille, philippe.courteille@ifsc.usp.br |
| Start and end of classes: | 11.3.2024 to 19.6.2024 |
| Queries: | via e-mail |
| Time and location of classes: | Mondays and Wednesdays from 10h00 to 12h00 in room 18 of bloco F2 or via
Google meet |
| Dates of the seminar: | 10.6.2024 to 19.6.2024 |
| Holidays: | 25.3.-29.3.2024 (semana santa), 21.4. (Tiradentes), 1.5. (dia do trabalho), 30.5. (corpus Cristi), |
| Language: | Portuguese, French, German or English (to be agreed with the students) |
| Workload: |
| Theory | 4 per week |
| Practice | 3 per weak |
| Studies | 8 per weak |
| Duration | 15 weaks |
| Total | 225 hours |
|
| |
| Content: |
This is a graduate course! The 'raison d'être' of graduate courses shall be to bring the student to the forefront of current research activities in the
the lecturer's area of expertise. For the present course this means that the student is supposed to be familiar with the basics of electromagnetism and its formalism.
It is up to the student who realizes that he has gaps of knowledge to fill them until being able to benefit from the lectures. Possible topics of this lecture include: |
| 1. Equilibrium thermodynamics |
| 2. State function |
| 3. First law and the conservation of energy |
| 4. Thermal capacity and entropy (second Law) |
| 5. Gibbs and Helmholtz energy |
| 6. Maxwell relation |
| 7. Third law of thermodynamics |
| 8. Chemical potential |
| 9. Phase and equilibrium diagram |
| 10. Chemical equilibrium |
| 11. Statistical thermodynamics |
| 12. Partition and state function |
| 13. Translational, rotational, and vibrational quantization laws |
| 14. Molar thermal capacity in solids |
| 15. Quantum statistics (Bose-Einstein, Fermi-Dirac and Boltzmann distribution) |
| 16. Electronic structure in solids |
| 17. Structure and physical properties of systems |
| 18. Crystalline structure |
| 19. Defects in solids |
| 20. Mass and charge transport |
| 21. Thermal conduction |
| 22. Capillarity effects |
| 23. Electrochemistry |
|
| Evaluation/approvation: |
Written tests will be applied, homeworks will be given, and a seminar will be organized.
The seminar will include a written monograph and an oral presentation. The seminar grade counts 1/2 of the final grade. The
presentation of the exercises and the participation in the subsequent discussions will be evaluated and counts for 1/2 in the final grade. |
|
| Recomended literature: |
Philippe W. Courteille, Apostila do Curso: Thermodynamics |
| R.T. DeHoff, Thermodynamics in materials science, Boca Raton: CRC/Taylor Francis (2006) |
| C. Kittel, Introduction to solid state physics, 8th ed. Hoboken, NY: Wiley (2005) |
| H.B. Callen, Thermodynamics, 2nd ed. New York: Wiley (1985) |
| A.R. West, Basic solid state chemistry, 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley (2006) |
| D. Mc Quarry, Statistical thermodynamics, New York: Harper & Row (1973) Harper's chemistry series |
| Date of presentation | Chapter of script | Exercise | Topic |
| ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | ------------ | -------- |
| 11.03.2024 | 1.1.1 - 1.1.3 | | Temperature, kinetic theory, heat and work |
| 13.03.2024 | 1.2.1 - 1.2.3 | | Thermodynamic state functions, process variables, potentials, and laws, entropy, Legendre transform, coefficient relations, Maxwell relations |
| 18.03.2024 | | 1.1.4.1 | Gas thermometer (Yosthyn) |
| 18.03.2024 | | 1.1.4.3 | Barometric formula (Eduardo) |
| 18.03.2024 | | 1.1.4.5 | Depth gauge (Eduardo) |
| 18.03.2024 | | 1.1.4.6 | Scuba diving (Yosthyn) |
| 18.03.2024 | 1.2.4 | | Strategy for deriving thermodynamic relations |
| 20.03.2024 | 1.2.5 - 1.2.6 | | Ideal gases, adiabatic, reversible, and cyclic processes, the Carnot cycle |
| 25.03.2024 | | 1.1.4.8 | Kinetic pressure (Eduardo) |
| 25.03.2024 | | 1.1.4.10 | Bi-metal (Yosthyn) |
| 25.03.2024 | | 1.1.4.13 | Heat capacity and energy of air (Eduardo) |
| 25.03.2024 | | 1.1.4.14 | Calorimetry (Yosthyn) |
| 25.03.2024 | 1.2.7 - 1.4.5 | | (on-line) Real gases and the Joule-Thomson process, thermodynamic equilibrium, entropy maximization and chemical potential, coupling to specific reservoirs |
| 28.03.2024 | 4.1.1 - 4.1.2 | | Canonical ensembles, phenomenological and statistical thermodynamics, micro- and macrostates, conditions for equilibrium in isolated systems, Boltzmann equation |
| 08.04.2024 | | 1.2.8.2 | 1. law of thermodynamics (Yosthyn) |
| 08.04.2024 | | 1.2.8.3 | Specific heat (Eduardo) |
| 08.04.2024 | | 1.2.8.6 | Heat capacities (Yosthyn) |
| 08.04.2024 | | 1.2.8.9 | Gas expansion (Eduardo) |
| 08.04.2024 | 4.1.3 - 4.1.6 | | Statistical entropy, partition function and thermodynamic potentials for two-level systems and solids, Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution for ideal gases |
| 10.04.2024 | 4.2.1 - 4.2.3 | | Detailed balance, microcanonical ensembles of indistinguishable particles, density-of-states in potentials |
| 15.04.2024 | | 1.2.8.15 | Calorimeter for mixtures (Eduardo) |
| 15.04.2024 | | 1.2.8.16 | 2. law of thermodynamics (Yosthyn) |
| 15.04.2024 | | 1.2.8.18 | Specific heat (Eduardo) |
| 15.04.2024 | | 1.2.8.19 | Expansion of a gas (Yosthyn) |
| 15.04.2024 | 4.2.4 | | Grand-canonical ensembles of ideal quantum gases |
| 17.04.2024 | 4.2.5 | | Thermodynamic limit |
| 29.04.2024 | | 1.2.8.23 | Heat and work upon thermodynamic processes in an ideal gas (Eduardo) |
| 29.04.2024 | | 1.2.8.25 | The Otto cycle (Student) (Yosthyn) |
| 29.04.2024 | | 1.2.8.35 | Dieterici model for a real gas (Eduardo) |
| 29.04.2024 | | 1.3.3.1 | Gibbs free energy (Yosthyn) |
| 29.04.2024 | 4.3.1 | | Bose-Einstein condensation of a homogeneous gas |
| 06.05.2024 | | 1.4.6.1 | Thermodynamic potential (Yosthyn) |
| 06.05.2024 | | 4.1.7.3 | Probabilities (Eduardo) |
| 06.05.2024 | | 4.1.7.8 | Simple model for a solid (Yosthyn) |
| 06.05.2024 | | 4.1.7.9 | Velocity distribution (Eduardo) |
| 06.05.2024 | 4.3.2 | | Condensation of a harmonically trapped Bose gas |
| 08.05.2024 | 4.3.3 - 4.4.8 | | Density and momentum distribution, quantum-degenerate Fermi gas |
| 13.05.2024 | | 4.1.7.13 | Evaporation (Eduardo) |
| 13.05.2024 | | 4.1.7.14 | Trapped gases (Yosthyn) |
| 13.05.2024 | | 4.1.7.15 | Trapped gases (Eduardo) |
| 13.05.2024 | | 4.2.6.1 | Quantum statistics (Yosthyn) |
| 13.05.2024 | 2.1.1 | | Unary heterogeneous systems, construction of phase diagrams, stability domain |
| 15.05.2024 | 2.1.2 | | Clausius-Clapeyron equation, latent heat, vaporization and sublimation, triple point |
| 20.05.2024 | | 4.2.6.5 | Black-body radiation (Yosthyn) |
| 20.05.2024 | | 2.1.3.1 | Chemical potential surface (Eduardo) |
| 20.05.2024 | | 2.1.3.2 | Clausius-Clapeyron relationship (Yosthyn) |
| 20.05.2024 | | 2.1.3.3 | Measurement of latent heat upon water condensation (Eduardo) |
| 20.05.2024 | 2.2.1 - 2.2.2 | | Homogeneous multi-component systems, Gibbs-Duhem relation, partial molal quantities |
| 22.05.2024 | 2.2.3 - 2.2.4 | | Chemical potential in solutions, models of real solutions |
| 27.05.2024 | | 2.1.3.7 | Latent heat (Yosthyn) |
| 27.05.2024 | | 2.1.3.8 | A lake in winter (Eduardo) |
| 27.05.2024 | | 2.2.5.1 | Partial pressures (Yosthyn) |
| 27.05.2024 | | 2.2.5.2 | Gibbs-Duhem integration (Eduardo) |
| 27.05.2024 | 2.3.1 - 2.3.2 | | Heterogeneous multi-component systems, Gibbs phase rule, phase diagram structure |
| 29.05.2024 | 2.4.1 - 2.4.2 | | Continuous non-uniform systems exposed to external forces |
| 05.06.2024 | | 2.2.5.3 | Oxygen concentration in a metal (Yosthyn) |
| 05.06.2024 | | 2.2.5.4 | Gibbs-Duhem rule (Eduardo) |
| 05.06.2024 | | 2.2.5.5 | Hydrogen concentration in a metal (Yosthyn) |
| 05.06.2024 | | 2.3.3.1 | Volume change in a multi-phase multi-component system (Eduardo) |
| 05.06.2024 | 2.5.1 | | Univariant reactions in gases |
| 10.06.2024 | | 2.4.3.1 | Pressure in a harmonically trapped ideal gas (Yosthyn) |
| 10.06.2024 | | 2.4.3.2 | Atmosphere of a planet (Eduardo) |
| 10.06.2024 | | 2.4.3.3 | Centrifuges (Yosthyn) |
| 10.06.2024 | | 2.5.3.1 | Final composition of an ideal gas mixture |
| 10.06.2024 | | | Quantum sensing with cold atoms and matter waves |
| 12.06.2024 | 2.5.2 | | Multi-variant reactions in gases |
| 17.06.2024 | | | Lab visit |
| 19.06.2024 | | | Seminar |
|
| | | | Other possible topics |
| | 2.6.1 | | Reactions in multi-phase systems |
| | 2.6.2 | | Capillarity effects in thermodynamics |
| | 2.6.3 | | Defects in crystals |
| | 2.6.4 | | Electrochemistry |